clypeus by Ronquist, F., and G. Nordlander. 1989. Skeletal morphology of an archaic cynipoid, Ibalia rufipes (Hymenoptera: Ibaliidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 33:1-60.
clypeus by Miko, I. 2009. -2019 Curator. Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology.
clypeus by Karlsson, D., and F. Ronquist. 2012. Skeletal Morphology of Opius dissitus and Biosteres carbonarius, with a Discussion of Terminology and Morphological Variation in Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). PLoS ONE 7:1-38.
nasus by Kirby, W., and W. Spencer. 1828. An introduction to Entomology: or elements of the natural history of insects. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green, London 732 pp.
clypeus by Kirby, W., and W. Spencer. 1828. An introduction to Entomology: or elements of the natural history of insects. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green, London 732 pp.
chaperon by Zombori, L., and H. Steinmann. 1999. Dictionary of Insect Morphology. Handbuch der Zoologie 4:1-404.
clipeus by Zombori, L., and H. Steinmann. 1999. Dictionary of Insect Morphology. Handbuch der Zoologie 4:1-404.
clupeus by Zombori, L., and H. Steinmann. 1999. Dictionary of Insect Morphology. Handbuch der Zoologie 4:1-404.
Comments and tags
alternative definition added over 15 years ago by Istvan Miko
Median region of the head above the mouth that is often distinguished from the rest of
the lower face by a difference in sculpture, but whose exact boundaries sometimes are
Reference: Gibson , G. A. P., J. D. Read , and R. Fairchild. 1998. Chalcid wasps (Chalcidoidea): illustrated glossary of positional and morphological terms ..
Cross reference: None provided.
alternative definition added over 13 years ago by Kelly Dew
The anteromedial area of the cranium, which is the site of origin of the clypeo-epipharyngeal muscle of the head capsule, lying below the (lower) face, and to which the labrum is articulated. Dorsally usually separated from the (lower) face by an epistomal sulcus and laterally by the clypeo-pleurostomal lines.
Reference: Karlsson, D., and F. Ronquist. 2012. Skeletal Morphology of Opius dissitus and Biosteres carbonarius, with a Discussion of Terminology and Morphological Variation in Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). PLoS ONE 7:1-38.
Cross reference: None provided.
alternative definition added over 15 years ago by Katja Seltmann
The anterior sclerite of the dorsal head, lying below the frons, and to which the labrum is articulated anteriorly.
Reference: Leponce, M., T. Delsinne , Y. Laurent, J. Cillis, I. Bachy, A. Heughebaert, P. Desmet, and N. Youdjou. 2010. RBINS Ant eMuseum Paraguay Collection Glossary. Availble at http://projects.biodiversity.be/ants/.
Cross reference: None provided.
katja added over 15 years ago by Katja Seltmann
need to look at the definition in Leponce again and add the defining sutures to HAO.
Unfortunately the the epistomal ridge and sulcus is absent an numerous Hymenoptera, so these structures can not be used for the definition of the clypeus. The cited muscle, however, allways arises from the clypeus (actually the size of the clypeus strong;ly correlate to the size of this muscle and hence the strength of the sucking pump. see more in Snodgrass 1942 Anatomy of honey bee).
alternative definition added over 15 years ago by Bob Wharton
Medial sclerite of the head lying immediately above the labrum and delimited dorsolaterally by the anterior tentorial pits and dorsally by the face in Ichneumonoidea.
Reference: Sharkey, M.J. and R.A. Wharton 1997. Morphology and terminology. Pages 19-38. In: Wharton, R.A., P.M. Marsh, and M.J. Sharkey (Eds), Manual of the New World genera of Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Special Publication of the International Society of Hymenopterists. Vol. 1: 1-439 pp.
Cross reference: None provided.
alternative definition added over 18 years ago by Andy Deans
the facial area of the cranium just above the labrum, usually separated from the frons by an epistomal suture and sometimes divided into an anteclypeus and postclypeus; the dilator muscles of the cibarium are attached on its inner surface
Reference: Snodgrass, R. E. 1935. Principles of insect morphology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York & London 667 pp.
Cross reference: None provided.
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